Testicular Cancer Information
About testicular cancer
Testicular cancer is relatively uncommon, but it is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in younger men, particularly those aged 15 to 44. Around 2,300 to 2,400 men are diagnosed each year in the UK.
The encouraging news is that testicular cancer is highly treatable. More than 95% of men survive for 5 to 10 years or longer after diagnosis, and mortality remains low, with around 70 deaths each year in the UK. Early awareness and seeking support promptly can make a meaningful difference to outcomes.
Risk factors
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A family history of testicular cancer
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Being born with undescended testicles
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Being White as rates are about five times higher in White men compared with Black men
Symptoms
Common symptoms include:
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A painless lump or swelling in one testicle
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A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum
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A dull ache in the lower abdomen or groin
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Enlargement of the scrotum
Cancer in both testicles at the same time is very unusual. However, if you are unsure compare the two sides.
Self examination
It is important to perform a check once a month ideally during or after a warm shower.
How to examine
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Check one testicle at a time
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Use both hands to gently roll the testicle between your fingers and thumbs
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Feel for: lumps or bumps as small as a pea or any change in size shape or firmness
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Locate the epididymis which is a soft tube like structure at the back of each testicle. This is normal.
Important
If you notice any new lump, swelling, change in size or ongoing discomfort, it's a good idea to contact your GP promptly. Most lumps are not cancer but getting them checked helps ensure you receive the right advice and reassurance.
References
This guide is based on evidence and recommendations from:
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NHS (National Health Service) – www.nhs.uk
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Cancer Research UK – www.cancerresearchuk.org
Anna Jones
Chief Nursing Officer, Bluecrest
